This publication serves as a reference guide for Member States and interested specialized readers wishing to work on agriculture in dry and saline environments, particularly those located in the Middle East region. All information and instructions provided in this guide are based on successful and sound practices applied in Member States for sustainable cropping of salt affected soils. It will help scientists and farmers to select the management alternatives most efficient for agriculture in saline environments within their own countries. The publication also focuses on the possible use of isotope techniques in dealing with salinity and droughts conditions affecting crop production.