This publication provides IAEA Member States with a methodology to evaluate the potential for deployment of small modular reactors (SMRs) in a national energy portfolio. It elaborates the specific attributes of SMRs and evaluates their deployment potential from the viewpoints of energy demand, finance and economics, infrastructure, climate change and energy security in an energy portfolio. Case studies are used to illustrate the types of conditions that are potentially favourable for SMRs, and Member States can further adapt the process to country-specific needs.