Proceedings of a conference, Vienna, 10–14 November 1997, which aimed at fostering the exchange of information, practices and experience in order to assist States, where appropriate, in upgrading their programmes for the physical protection of nuclear materials and combating illicit trafficking. It focused on the regimes, equipment and procedures currently used to minimize the possibilities of unauthorized removal of nuclear material, whether by terrorists, criminals or facility employees, and to protect against sabotage.
Contents: Opening session; Contemporary and emerging issues; Experience in regulation I; Experience in regulation II; Implementation at facilities; Programme assessment and co-operation I; Programme assessment and co-operation II; Hardware/software; Illicit trafficking in nuclear materials; Transportation; Future considerations and summary of sessions.

Proceedings of a symposium on Isotope Techniques in the Study of Past and Current Environmental Changes in the Hydrosphere and the Atmosphere, Vienna, 14–18 April 1997. The symposium was structured in five sessions of oral presentations, a poster session and a round table discussion that focused on trends and future requirements in isotope hydrology and on applications in climate and environmental research. The major themes covered by the presentations included the use of isotopic tracers in studies of atmospheric and hydrospheric changes and of human impacts on water and the environment. Special emphasis was placed on isotopic archives of climatic and environmental change. Some contributions addressed new technical approaches.
Contents: Opening session; Isotopic tracers of the atmosphere; Isotopic tracers of the hydrosphere; Isotopic studies of man-made hydrological impact; Isotopic archives of climatic and environmental change; New technical approaches; Poster session.

Key issue papers from a symposium held in co-operation with the EC, the OEC/NEA and the Uranium Institute, 3-6 June 1997, Vienna. The purpose of the symposium was to provide a forum for discussion of the new realities facing the nuclear fuel cycle and to consider options on how these could be addressed. Amongst the new realities are the facts that: nuclear capacities have increased less than projected; the debate on the choice of the most appropriate fuel cycle is still ongoing; military stocks of weapon plutonium and highly enriched uranium have been released; and the amount of plutonium in the world is continuously increasing. The data contained in these key issue papers should assist to inform decision makers and the public and lead to a more objective discussion of the different options in the nuclear fuel cycle. Contents: Key issue paper No. 1: Global energy outlook; Key issue paper No. 2: Present status and immediate prospects of plutonium management; Key issue paper No. 3: Future fuel cycle and reactor strategies; Key issue paper No. 4: Safety, health and environmental implications of the different fuel cycles; Key issue paper No. 5: Non-proliferation and safeguards aspects; Key issue paper No. 6: International co-operation.

Proceedings of a symposium held in Hyderabad, India, 4-7 November 1996. The aim of the symposium was to provide an international forum for discussion of the applications of nuclear analytical techniques and related isotopic tracer methods, particularly in the area of analytical quality assurance, including validation of analytical methods and development of new analytical reference materials. As these methodologies contribute substantially to the harmonization of data, they are playing an important role in the application of newly emerging techniques such as quality management and quality assurance standards (e.g. ISO-25 and ISO-9000) in environmental analytical laboratories. The symposium programme covered a wide variety of applications of nuclear (and related) analytical techniques (mainly neutron activation analysis, energy dispersive X ray fluorescence, particle induced X ray emission and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry) as used in the study of air particulates, solid waste products, sediments, food, water, human tissues, biomonitors and other kinds of environmental samples.
Contents: Quality systems and strategies; Reference materials: Production, certification and use; Nuclear analytical techniques: General aspects and quality assurance/quality control; Nuclear techniques and applications of quality assurance/quality control: Biological systems; Nuclear techniques and applications of quality assurance/quality control: Non-biological systems; Poster presentations.

Proceedings of the Sixteenth International Conference, formerly called the International Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, Montreal, 7-11 October 1996. The papers presented reflect the excellent progress achieved since the last conference in Seville 1994. Among many other achievements, the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor has produced over 10 MW of fusion power, the JT-60U experiment has demonstrated plasma conditions equivalent to breakeven, the reversed shear mode has been demonstrated, low aspect ratio tokamaks have produced promising results and plans have been drawn up for powerful new inertial confinement fusion experiments.
Contents: (Vol. 3) Inertial confinement 1; Inertial confinement 2; Inertial confinement (Poster Session); Heating and current drive; Heating and current drive; Reactor studies; Technology and new devices; Technology, new devices and reactor studies (Poster Session).

Proceedings of a symposium on Desalination of Sea Water with Nuclear Energy organized by the IAEA and hosted by KAERI on behalf of the Government of the Republic of Korea in co-operation with the Global Technology Centre and the International Desalination Association and held in Teajon, 26-30 May 1997. The symposium provided a forum for the review of the latest technological experience, design and development of nuclear desalination systems, and their future prospects. Amongst the wide variety of topics discussed were the activities carried out by some selected organizations and institutes, the experience gained in existing nuclear desalination plants and their facilities, national and bilateral programmes, including research, design and development, forecasts for the future and the challenges that lie ahead. Contents: Opening session: Opening statements; Overviews; National programmes and activities. Panel 1: The challenges of international co-operation; Technical aspects; Desalination using nuclear, fossil and other energy sources; Opportunities for desalination systems using nuclear energy. Panel 2: Why are there not more desalination plants using nuclear energy?

Proceedings of the Sixteenth International Conference, formerly called the International Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, Montreal, 7-11 October 1996. The papers presented reflect the excellent progress achieved since the last conference in Seville 1994. Among many other achievements, the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor has produced over 10 MW of fusion power, the JT-60U experiment has demonstrated plasma conditions equivalent to breakeven, the reversed shear mode has been demonstrated, low aspect ratio tokamaks have produced promising results and plans have been drawn up for powerful new inertial confinement fusion experiments.
Contents: (Vol. 2) Helical systems; Alternative systems experiments; Helical systems and alternative systems; Transport theory; MHD and energetic particle theory; Divertor edge physics and alternatives; Theory; ITER (Sessions F and FP).

Proceedings of the Sixteenth International Conference, formerly called the International Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, Montreal, 7-11 October 1996. The papers presented reflect the excellent progress achieved since the last conference in Seville 1994. Among many other achievements, the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor has produced over 10 MW of fusion power, the JT-60U experiment has demonstrated plasma conditions equivalent to breakeven, the reversed shear mode has been demonstrated, low aspect ratio tokamaks have produced promising results and plans have been drawn up for powerful new inertial confinement fusion experiments.
Contents: (Vol. 1) Overviews 1; Overviews 2; Concept optimization 1; Confinement and particles; Operational limits and disruptions; Divertor experiments; Concept optimization 2; Transport experiments; Confinement and waves, disruptions and instabilities; Divertor experiments and tokamak concept optimization.

Proceedings of an international conference, Paris, 24-28 October 1994. Upon a request by the IAEA, the Swedish Risk Academy commissioned a set of background papers on issues relating to the comprehension of radiation risk to serve as a scientific input for the conference. The papers cover topics of importance for risk assessment and for comprehending and communicating on radiation risk.
Contents: (Vol. 3) Conference summary; Opening addresses; Technical sessions; Case study sessions; Special lecture, closing adresses; Media forums, media and policy makers forum, decision makers session.

Proceedings of a symposium organized in co-operation with OECD/NEA, Vienna, 8-11 October 1996. The symposium was a follow-up to the 1991 International Conference on The Safety of Nuclear Power: Strategy for the Future and will be remembered as the initiating force behind the Convention on Nuclear Safety, which entered into force on 24 October 1996. The goal was to review the progress made in implementing the recommendations of the 1991 Conference relating to the safety of existing nuclear power plants, and to make available to all those involved in maintaining the safety of nuclear power plants information on effective methods, practices and criteria for safety review and operating experience feedback systems.
Contents: Opening session; Elements of the nuclear power safety strategy; Ongoing safety reviews; Periodic safety reviews: Regulatory perspective; Periodic safety reviews: Utility perspective; Safety assessment methods and experience; Safety reviews of special issues; Feedback of operating experience I; Information databases and operating experience feedback; Feedback of operating experience II; Summary of the panel and the symposium.

Proceedings of a symposium on Experience in the Planning and Operation of Low Level Waste Disposal Facilities, Vienna, 17-21 June 1996. During the past 30 to 40 years extensive experience has been gained in planning, siting, designing, licensing, constructing, operating and closing down various types of low level radioactive waste (LLW) disposal facilities. The purpose of this symposium was to facilitate the information transfer process on experience gained. Past disposal practices and attempts to define adequate approaches for LLW disposal in developing countries were addressed at an open discussion. Finding less expensive ways of managing very low level waste, as well as the reassessment of past disposal practices, remediation and procedures in the post-operational phase were considered as areas of importance. Difficulties in the implementation of LLW disposal plans were also discussed.
Contents: Keynote address; Regulation and licensing; Infrastructure and planning; Siting; Disposal systems and operation; Safety assessment; Post-operation; Poster presentations.

Proceedings of a symposium on the Use of Nuclear and Related Techniques for Studying Environmental Behaviour of Crop Protection Chemicals jointly organized by the IAEA and FAO, Vienna, 1-5 July 1996. Use of pesticides has become an integral component of agricultural systems worldwide. Concerning the environment, information must be provided before a product is registered in order to provide assurance that it can be used without unacceptable hazard to non-target organisms. In addition, post-registration surveillance and monitoring studies are necessary to check that the fate and environmental effects of pesticides under field conditions are consistent with predictions. Much of the data are generated using radioisotopes and other nuclear or related methods. Developing countries often have to rely on data generated elsewhere in order to assess the acceptability of a compound. The purpose of the symposium was to examine the circumstances under which extrapolation from one environment to another is valid on the basis of data generated under comparable conditions. It also considered ways in which relatively simple methods can be used to verify the field applicability of data obtained under sophisticated experimental conditions. Contents: Opening session; Pesticides in the environment: International perspective; Pesticides in the environment: Regional and country situations; Fate and behaviour of pesticides in the terrestrial environment; Fate and behaviour of pesticides in the aquatic environment; Comparison of fate and behaviour of pesticides in different environments; Effect of pesticides on non-target species; Maximizing the use of environmental data.