This publication provides guidance on planning, implementing, and evaluating systems and measures in a State in order to detect nuclear and other radioactive material out of regulatory control in the State’s interior by means of instrument alarms and information alerts. The guidance covers the planning of detection operations, equipment deployment and human resource development. This publication is intended for authorities responsible for designing, implementing, and sustaining nuclear security systems and measures within a State, such as personnel from the Ministry of Interior, Law Enforcement Agencies, Health Authorities, National Regulators, Emergency Response, and National Security Organizations.

The decision to develop a nuclear power programme is a significant undertaking by any country. In preparing the necessary nuclear power infrastructure, there are numerous activities that must be completed in a timely manner in line with the objectives of the nuclear power programme. This publication defines three milestones in the development of the infrastructure necessary for introducing nuclear power and provides guidance on the activities that need to be carried out before each milestone. This new revision incorporates the experiences and feedback from several countries which have already completed or progressed significantly in all three phases. It also includes an annex for outlining the specific infrastructure considerations for Small Modular Reactors, which are expected to be deployed in a number of countries in the coming years. This publication is principally for decision-makers, advisers and senior managers in government, utilities and regulatory bodies in Member States interested in introducing nuclear power.

This publication describes the updated version of the method for the assessment of comprehensiveness of defence in depth and demonstrates the overall improvement in assessment results when using it. For assessment of comprehensiveness, five levels of defence in depth are considered. To ensure that safety objectives are met at each level of defence in depth, the integrity of relevant fission product barriers is maintained by the safety functions. A set of challenges to the performance of safety functions and the mechanisms leading to the challenges are specified by the method. Finally, a comprehensive list of safety provisions, which contribute to preventing these mechanisms from occurring, is specified. These provisions encompass the inherent safety features, equipment, procedures, personnel availability, personnel training and safety culture aspects. The challenges, mechanisms and provisions for all levels of defence in depth are presented in the assessment method in the form of objective trees.

The IAEA facilitated collaborative research among its Member States, in advancing the state of the practice in uncertainty and sensitivity methodologies for severe accident analysis in water cooled reactors. The primary aim was to evaluate the uncertainty and sensitivity associated with severe accident calculations, particularly concerning the progression and consequences of accidents in a generic CANDU type nuclear power plant under a postulated station blackout scenario. Key parameters considered in these analyses included hydrogen generation, event timings, and the release of fission products into the environment. The resulting publication showcases contributions from three institutions across three Member States, providing insights into their methodologies for uncertainty and sensitivity analysis in severe accidents.

As countries plan their low carbon energy strategies for the future, nuclear cogeneration—using nuclear power plants not only for electricity generation but also to provide simultaneously electricity and heat for applications such as district heating, hydrogen production, water desalination or to support industrial processes—is emerging as an attractive option for decarbonizing of various energy consuming sectors, while also boosting the efficiency of nuclear power plants. The publication includes an overview on the use of nuclear energy for cogeneration applications to achieve a future with clean and sustainable energy. It aims to increase the understanding of the role of nuclear cogeneration in climate change mitigation and to showcase the experience available in several Member States in the field of nuclear cogeneration. The publication is intended for decision makers, managers and engineers involved in nuclear cogeneration projects.

The objective of this Safety Report is to provide information on the implementation of IAEA Safety Standards Series SSG-48, to support the ageing management and preparation for the safe, long-term operation of a nuclear power plant. It addresses ageing management of active and passive structures and components for water moderated reactors that can have an effect, directly or indirectly, on the safe operation of the plant and that are susceptible to ageing. This publication is intended for ageing management and long-term operation specialists as well as nuclear power plant managers, regulatory bodies and technical support organizations.

This publication includes existing experiences, lessons learned, challenges and future developments in the production of Ac-225 radiopharmaceuticals for Targeted Alpha Therapy (TAT). This publication will be utilized by all involved professionals in the Targeted Alpha Therapy field, specifying ideal production, formulation, quality control and regulatory aspects of various Ac-225 radiopharmaceuticals. The intended audience also includes radiochemists, radiopharmacists, and medical physicists.

This toolkit, produced for the G20 under Brazil's Presidency in 2024, is written to inform the Energy Transitions Working Group (ETWG) within the G20 Sherpa Track, as well as the wider international energy and climate change community. This publication provides an overview of the important role the IAEA plays in enhancing national and regional capacities for energy system analysis and planning in emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs). This includes conducting capacity building activities with the transfer of energy planning tools and methodologies. These activities encompass distance and in-person training sessions, technical assistance, and addressing overarching energy strategies and transitions to low-carbon economies. The goal is to enhance knowledge and strengthen skills that many EMDEs currently lack, facilitating informed decision-making and policy development. The toolkit also showcases successful applications of its methodologies through case studies and collaborations with other international, regional, and national institutions, illustrating the positive impact of integrated energy planning on creating national policies and achieving sustainable development goals.

This Safety Guide provides recommendations for ensuring radiation protection in the design of new nuclear power plants, design modifications to operating plants, and checking the adequacy of the radiation protection aspects of design at different stages in the lifetime of operating plants. It also provides recommendations for measures to be taken in the design for the protection of site personnel, the public and the environment, and outlines the methodologies used to calculate on-site and off-site radiological conditions and to verify that the design provides an adequate level of radiation protection during operating lifetime and decommissioning. The guide is intended primarily for land-based, stationary nuclear power plants with water cooled reactors designed for electricity generation or for other heat generating applications. This publication is intended for organizations responsible for designing, manufacturing, and constructing nuclear power plants, operating organizations and contractors, including plant operators who are involved in planning, managing and implementing the design and design modification of nuclear power plants, and regulatory bodies and technical support organizations.

Ionization Chamber Smoke Detectors (ICSDs) contain relatively small amounts of radioactive material and pose little hazard on an individual basis, even when disposed of in municipal landfills. However, many Member States have taken the decision to collect all or many of their country's disused ICSDs in one or more locations. This often leads to the need for ICSDs to be managed as radioactive waste. The objective of this publication is to provide an overview of the management options for the ICSDs declared disused. It presents information on a variety of ICSD models. The approach and examples for landfill disposal of household ICSD, as consumer products exempted from regulatory control is discussed. It presents the management options for disused ICSD once they have been collected. Various options for the safe management of disused ICSDs are covered including advantages and disadvantages, based on Member State infrastructure and IAEA guidance and international safety standards.

Since its establishment in September 2003, the International Expert Group on Nuclear Liability (INLEX) has played an important role in raising awareness and understanding of the nuclear liability instruments adopted under the IAEA’s auspices. Over the course of the past two decades, the group has advised on many issues related to nuclear liability and reached conclusions and made recommendations on possible gaps and ambiguities in the scope and coverage of the existing instruments. To mark this 20th anniversary, this publication includes papers on several nuclear liability topics and the work of INLEX, contributed by some of the group's current members. The aim of this publication is to increase awareness of the role of INLEX, as well as nuclear liability as an important aspect of nuclear law. The publication is intended for nuclear law professionals, academics and practitioners as well as policy makers.